Angelo Zanardini

Angelo Zanardini was a Venetian librettist and translator, prolific in a trade that carried most of the French and German repertory onto the Italian stage. He had his own opera Amleto staged at the Teatro San Benedetto in Venice in 1854 before turning to libretti, among them Il figliuol prodigo for Ponchielli. His most durable job was a revision rather than a translation: for the four-act Don Carlo of 1884 he put Verdi's new material into Italian and went through Achille de Lauzières's earlier text throughout, producing the version in which the opera is still sung.